This guide shows you how to use the Qwen-Audio-3.0-ASR-Flash-Streaming/Fun-ASR-Realtime real-time speech recognition iOS SDK to transcribe speech into text.
User guide: For model descriptions and selection guidance, see Speech-to-text.
Configure these parameters by passing a JSON string in the
Configure these parameters by passing a JSON string in the
Initializes the speech recognition SDK instance. The SDK is a singleton. Do not initialize it again before you call nui_release.
Sets the Recognition quality parameters in JSON format. Call this method before nui_dialog_start.
Starts recognition.
Ends recognition or cancels the current interaction immediately.
Sends a dialog action during an interaction to update the recognition context or other runtime behavior.
When
When
Releases all internal SDK resources and forcibly terminates all running tasks. After you call this method, the SDK instance becomes unavailable. To use it again, you must call nui_initialize to initialize it again.
Gets the current SDK version. This method returns a value only after
Gets the complete information for the current event callback.
Listens for events and speech recognition results.
Listens for the audio state. The SDK uses this callback to notify you when to start or stop recording.
Supplies audio data for recognition. After recognition starts, this callback is triggered continuously. Supply the audio data to be recognized in it.
Receives auxiliary data and information. Receives auxiliary events and related data from the SDK.
Listens for tracking logs. This callback receives the SDK's detailed internal logs to help you locate and debug issues.
Quick start
- Get an API key: Obtain an API key
-
Download the SDK and run the sample code:
- Download the latest SDK package.
- Extract the ZIP package and add the included nuisdk.xcframework to your project.
- In Build Phases → Link Binary With Libraries, add nuisdk.xcframework.
- In General → Frameworks, Libraries, and Embedded Content, set nuisdk.xcframework to Embed & Sign.
- Open the sample project in Xcode. The sample code is in
DashFunAsrSpeechTranscriberViewController.m. Replace the API key with your own to try out the feature.
Call sequence
- Initialize the SDK.
- Set parameters for your use case: use the nui_initialize API to set Connection and control parameters, and use the nui_set_params API to set Recognition quality parameters.
- Call nui_dialog_start to start the recognition process.
- In the onNuiAudioStateChanged callback, open the recording device based on the audio state.
- In the onNuiNeedAudioData callback, continuously supply recording data, or call nui_update_audio_data to actively push recording data.
- In the onNuiEventCallback callback, listen for events and retrieve speech recognition results.
- Call nui_dialog_cancel to stop recognition, and confirm that recognition has finished by listening for the EVENT_TRANSCRIBER_COMPLETE event.
- When you no longer need the recognition feature, call nui_release to release the SDK resources.
Request parameters
Connection and control parameters
Configure these parameters by passing a JSON string in the parameters argument of the nui_initialize API.
- Example parameters: The following JSON string is an example and does not list all parameters. Add the parameters you need when you write your code:
- Parameter descriptions
| Parameter | Type | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
url | String | Yes | Service address: wss://maas.qwencloudapi.com/api-ws/v1/inference. |
apikey | String | Yes | API key. |
service_mode | String | Yes | Run mode. Fixed to "1" for real-time speech recognition. |
device_id | String | Yes | A unique string that identifies the end user. You can set it to an in-app user ID or a device identifier generated on the client. This ID is used mainly for log tracing and troubleshooting. |
audio_update_manually | String | No | Whether to enable active audio data pushing. Default: "false". If set to "true" and the SDK version supports on-device audio processing capabilities such as AEC or VAD, those capabilities are enabled by default. |
workspace | String | No | The path where on-device resource files are stored. This parameter is required when audio_update_manually is set to "true" and an on-device audio processing capability such as AEC or VAD is enabled. |
debug_path | String | No | Storage path for the log file. This parameter takes effect only when save_log is set to YES in the nui_initialize API. In that case, you must set the log file path, otherwise an error occurs. At most two log files are kept locally. |
save_wav | String | No | Whether to save an audio file for debugging. The audio file is saved under debug_path. Default: "false". Valid values: "true": save the file. "false": do not save the file. This parameter takes effect only when save_log is set to true in the nui_initialize API. In addition, debug_path must also be set. |
max_log_file_size | int | No | Maximum size of the log file, in bytes. This parameter takes effect only when save_log is set to YES in the nui_initialize API. Default: 104857600 (100 * 1024 * 1024 bytes, that is, 100 MiB). |
log_track_level | int | No | Filter level for the log content sent through the log callback (onNuiLogTrackCallback). Default: 2. Valid values: 0: LOG_LEVEL_VERBOSE, 1: LOG_LEVEL_DEBUG, 2: LOG_LEVEL_INFO, 3: LOG_LEVEL_WARNING, 4: LOG_LEVEL_ERROR, 5: LOG_LEVEL_NONE (disables this feature). Note: log_track_level and level (set through the nui_initialize API) together determine which logs are ultimately sent to the callback. A log is sent to the callback only when its level value is greater than or equal to both log_track_level and level. For example, if log_track_level is set to 2 (INFO) and level is set to 3 (WARNING), then only logs at WARNING level or higher (value >= 3) are sent to the callback. |
Recognition quality parameters
Configure these parameters by passing a JSON string in the params argument of the nui_set_params API.
- Example parameters: The following JSON string is an example and does not list all parameters. Add the parameters you need when you write your code:
- Parameter descriptions
| Top-level parameter | Type | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
service_type | int | Yes | Speech service type. Fixed to 4 for real-time speech recognition. |
nls_config | object | Yes | The core recognition configuration object. It contains key parameters such as model selection and recognition quality controls. |
nls_config.model | string | Yes | The model name. The Qwen-Audio-3.0-ASR-Flash-Streaming and Fun-ASR-Realtime model series are supported. For details, see Supported models. |
nls_config.sr_format | string | Yes | The audio format. Valid values: pcm, opus. Note: If you provide PCM audio data and set this parameter to opus, the SDK encodes the data into Opus internally. |
nls_config.sample_rate | int | Yes | The sample rate, in Hz. Valid values: 8 kHz models support only 8000 Hz; other models support any sample rate. Note: 8000 Hz is not supported when on-device audio processing capabilities such as AEC or VAD are enabled. |
nls_config.semantic_punctuation_enabled | boolean | No | Whether to enable semantic segmentation. Default value: false. true: Enables semantic segmentation and disables VAD segmentation. false (default): Enables VAD segmentation and disables semantic segmentation. Semantic segmentation is more accurate and is better suited to meeting transcription scenarios. VAD (Voice Activity Detection) segmentation has lower latency and is better suited to interactive scenarios. |
nls_config.max_sentence_silence | int | No | The VAD silence threshold for segmentation, in ms. When the silence after a segment of speech exceeds this threshold, the system determines that the sentence has ended. When semantic_punctuation_enabled is set to true, this parameter is not used as the criterion for returning sentence_end, but setting it too low may affect recognition performance. Default value: 1300. Valid values: [200, 6000]. |
nls_config.multi_threshold_mode_enabled | boolean | No | Important: Takes effect only when semantic_punctuation_enabled is false. Whether to enable multi-threshold mode. When enabled, this prevents VAD segments from becoming too long. Default value: false. |
nls_config.heartbeat | boolean | No | Whether to enable heartbeat packets. Default value: false. true: Keeps the connection to the server alive even when silent audio is sent continuously. false (default): Even when silent audio is continuously sent, the connection times out and closes after a period of time. Silent audio refers to content in an audio file or data stream that contains no sound signal. You can generate silent audio in several ways, such as using audio editing software like Audacity or Adobe Audition, or using a command-line tool like FFmpeg. |
nls_config.vocabulary_id | string | No | The ID of a precompiled hot word list. Generate this ID in advance by calling the create hot word list API. Pass the ID during recognition to use the hot words in the list. Suitable for scenarios where the vocabulary is known and relatively stable, and where you need to reuse the same word list across requests. For usage details, see Precompiled hotwords. |
nls_config.instant_vocabulary | object | No | Instant hot words. Passed as key-value pairs, where the key is the hot word text (string) and the value is the hot word weight (integer). No hot word list needs to be created in advance. The weight ranges from [1, 5] or is set to 50: a value in [1, 5] makes the model more likely to output the word as the value increases; a value of 50 designates a super hot word, which greatly improves recall, but the number of super hot words cannot exceed 50. Suitable for temporary, session-level hot word optimization. When instant and precompiled hotwords are configured together, the system merges both sets. If the merged set contains more than 2000 hotwords, the system randomly selects 2000 to use. For usage details, see Instant hotwords. Important: Only qwen-audio-3.0-asr-flash-streaming and qwen-audio-3.1-asr-flash-streaming support instant hot words. |
nls_config.language_hints | array[string] | No | The language of the audio to recognize. There is no default value; if not set, the model detects the language automatically. For the Qwen-Audio-3.0-ASR-Flash-Streaming model series, you can set up to 4 values; if you set more than 4, only the first 4 take effect. For the Fun-ASR-Realtime model series, you can set only 1 value; if you set multiple values, only the first one takes effect. |
nls_config.speech_noise_threshold | float | No | The threshold for distinguishing speech from noise, used to adjust the sensitivity of Voice Activity Detection (VAD). Valid values: [-1.0, 1.0]. The closer the value is to -1: The noise threshold decreases, so noise is more likely to be recognized as speech, which may cause more noise to be transcribed. The closer the value is to +1: The noise threshold increases, so speech is more likely to be misjudged as noise, which may cause some speech to be filtered out. This is an advanced configuration parameter. Adjusting it can significantly affect recognition results. Recommendations: Thoroughly test and verify the results before adjusting. Adjust in small increments based on the actual audio environment (a step of 0.1 is recommended). |
nls_config.special_word_filter | object | No | Specifies the sensitive words to process during speech recognition, and supports setting different processing methods for different sensitive words. For details, see Sensitive word filtering. |
nls_config.enable_connection_fast_check | BOOL | No | Whether to enable fast network checks so that disconnections can be reported as soon as possible. Default: NO. |
Key APIs
NeoNui
nui_initialize
Initializes the speech recognition SDK instance. The SDK is a singleton. Do not initialize it again before you call nui_release.
- Method signature
- Parameter descriptions
| Parameter | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
parameters | char* | A JSON string that contains authentication, connection, and debugging parameters. See Connection and control parameters. |
level | NuiSdkLogLevel | Print level for the SDK's own logs. |
save_log | BOOL | Whether to save logs locally. If set to YES, specify a path with debug_path in Connection and control parameters, and optionally set the file size with max_log_file_size. |
- Return value Returns an error code. See Error code reference.
nui_set_params
Sets the Recognition quality parameters in JSON format. Call this method before nui_dialog_start.
- Method signature
- Parameter descriptions
| Parameter | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
params | char* | Recognition quality parameters. |
- Return value Returns an error code. See Error code reference.
nui_dialog_start
Starts recognition.
- Method signature
- Parameter descriptions
| Parameter | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
vad_mode | NuiVadMode | VAD mode. Fixed to MODE_P2T. |
dialog_params | char* | If the apikey parameter in Connection and control parameters is a temporary API key, you can update it here when it expires. You can also provide context here to improve recognition accuracy through context enhancement. The content is in JSON format, as shown in the following example. |
- Return value Returns an error code. See Error code reference.
nui_dialog_cancel
Ends recognition or cancels the current interaction immediately.
- Method signature
- Parameter descriptions
| Parameter | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
force | BOOL | Whether to end forcibly and discard the final result. YES: End the task immediately without waiting for the server to return the final recognition result. NO: End the task, but wait for the complete result to return. |
- Return value Returns an error code. See Error code reference.
nui_dialog_action
Sends a dialog action during an interaction to update the recognition context or other runtime behavior.
- Method signature
- Parameter descriptions
| Parameter | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
action_params | char* | A JSON string used to update the recognition context or other runtime behavior. |
action_params.type | String | Fixed to "action". |
action_params.command | String | Runtime command. Valid values: context: Updates the context enhancement immediately to improve recognition accuracy. play_start: When on-device AEC is used, notifies the internal AEC player that audio playback has started. play_over: When on-device AEC is used, notifies the internal AEC player that audio playback has ended. |
action_params.context | String | When command is "context", provides the context enhancement to update immediately. The value is a JSON string, as shown in the following example. |
- Return value Returns an error code. See Error code reference.
nui_update_audio_data
When audio_update_manually is set to "true", recording data is no longer supplied through onNuiNeedAudioData. Use this method to actively push it instead.
- Method signature
- Parameter descriptions
| Parameter | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
data | const char * | The audio data to push. |
length | int | The length of the audio data, in bytes. |
first_pack | BOOL | You do not need to use this parameter. |
- Return value Returns an error code. See Error code reference.
nui_push_reference_data
When audio_update_manually is set to "true" and on-device acoustic echo cancellation (AEC) is enabled, use this method to push the audio played by the player as the reference signal.
- Method signature
- Parameter descriptions
| Parameter | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
data | const char * | The audio data to push. |
length | int | The length of the audio data, in bytes. |
first_pack | BOOL | You do not need to use this parameter. |
- Return value Returns an error code. See Error code reference.
nui_release
Releases all internal SDK resources and forcibly terminates all running tasks. After you call this method, the SDK instance becomes unavailable. To use it again, you must call nui_initialize to initialize it again.
- Method signature
- Return value Returns an error code. See Error code reference.
nui_get_version
Gets the current SDK version. This method returns a value only after nui_initialize is called.
- Method signature
- Return value The current SDK version.
nui_get_all_response
Gets the complete information for the current event callback.
- Method signature
- Return value The complete event information as a JSON string.
NeoNuiSdkDelegate: callback listeners
onNuiEventCallback
Listens for events and speech recognition results.
- Method signature
- Parameter descriptions
| Parameter | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
nuiEvent | NuiCallbackEvent | Callback event. |
dialog | long | Session ID. You do not need to use this parameter. |
wuw | char* | Voice wake-up. You do not need to use this parameter. |
asr_result | char* | Speech recognition result. |
finish | BOOL | Whether the current recognition round has finished. |
code | int | Error code. Valid when the EVENT_ASR_ERROR event occurs. See Error code reference. |
onNuiAudioStateChanged
Listens for the audio state. The SDK uses this callback to notify you when to start or stop recording.
- Method signature
- NuiAudioState states
| State | Description |
|---|---|
STATE_OPEN | The interaction has started. You can open the recording device and start recording. |
STATE_PAUSE | The interaction has stopped. You can stop recording. |
STATE_CLOSE | The SDK instance has been released. You can close the recording device completely. |
onNuiNeedAudioData
Supplies audio data for recognition. After recognition starts, this callback is triggered continuously. Supply the audio data to be recognized in it.
- Method signature
- Parameter descriptions
| Parameter | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
audioData | char * | The audio data to supply. |
len | int | The size of the supplied audio data, in bytes. |
onNuiAssistEventCallback
Receives auxiliary data and information. Receives auxiliary events and related data from the SDK.
- Method signature
- Parameter descriptions
| Parameter | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
nuiEvent | NuiCallbackEvent | The callback event. |
info | char * | You do not need to use this parameter. |
info_len | int | You do not need to use this parameter. |
buffer | char * | Auxiliary data, such as audio data after AEC processing. |
len | int | The length of the auxiliary data, in bytes. |
onNuiLogTrackCallback
Listens for tracking logs. This callback receives the SDK's detailed internal logs to help you locate and debug issues.
NuiCallbackEvent: event types
| Event | Description |
|---|---|
| EVENT_TRANSCRIBER_STARTED | The task started successfully. |
| EVENT_VAD_START | Triggered right after the task starts. It does not mean that the start of speech has been detected. |
| EVENT_VAD_END | The end of speech was detected. |
| EVENT_ASR_PARTIAL_RESULT | An intermediate speech recognition result. |
| EVENT_ASR_ERROR | An error occurred during speech recognition. |
| EVENT_MIC_ERROR | Triggered because no audio data was received for 2 consecutive seconds. |
| EVENT_SENTENCE_END | The end of a sentence was detected. A complete recognition result for the sentence is returned. |
| EVENT_TRANSCRIBER_COMPLETE | Speech recognition finished. |
| EVENT_AEC_DATA | Audio data after acoustic echo cancellation (AEC) processing. |